- Christian Standard Bible Text
- Christian Standard Bible Criticism
- Christian Standard Bible
- Christian Standard Bible Vs Niv
| Holman Christian Standard Bible | |
|---|---|
| Full name | Holman Christian Standard Bible |
| Abbreviation | HCSB |
| Complete Bible published | 2004 |
| Textual basis | NT:Novum Testamentum Graece 27th edition. OT:Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia with some Septuagint influence. |
| Translation type | Mediating[1] |
| Reading level | Middle School |
| Version revision | 2009 |
| Copyright | Copyright 2004 Holman Bible Publishers |
| Religious affiliation | Protestant |
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness covered the surface of the watery depths, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters. Then God said, 'Let there be light,' and there was light. For God loved the world in this way: He gave His One and Only Son, so that everyone who believes in Him might not perish but have eternal life. | |
Christian Standard Bible Text
The Holman Christian Standard Bible (HCSB) is a modern English Bible translation from Holman Bible Publishers. The New Testament was published in 1999, followed by the full Bible in March 2004.
Beginnings[edit]
The roots of the HCSB can be traced to 1984, when Arthur Farstad, general editor of the New King James Version of the Bible, began a new translation project. In 1998, Farstad and LifeWay Christian Resources (the publishing arm of the Southern Baptist Convention) came to an agreement that would allow LifeWay to fund and publish the completed work.[2] Farstad died soon after, and leadership of the editorial team was turned over to Dr. Edwin Blum, who had been an integral part of the team. The death of Farstad resulted in a change to the Koine Greek source text underlying the HCSB, although Farstad had envisioned basing the new translation on the same texts used for the King James Version and New King James Version. He followed the Greek Majority Text which he and Zane C. Hodges had authored. After Farstad's death, the editorial team replaced this text with the consensus Greek New Testament established by twentieth-century scholars.[3] The editions of the United Bible Societies and of Nestle-Aland's Novum Testamentum Graece were primarily used, along with readings from other ancient manuscripts when the translators felt the original meaning was not clearly conveyed by either of the primary Greek New Testament editions.
Translation philosophy[edit]
Save on Christian Standard Bible (CSB) Study Bibles. The Tony Evans Study Bible features study notes and other tools designed for digging deeper into God's Word. Christian Standard has been resourcing Christian churches since it was founded in 1866. Now it is the principal magazine connecting these congregations in the far-flung, nondenominational fellowship whose congregations are usually known as Christian Churches or Churches of Christ. The Holman Christian Standard Bible (HCSB) is a trusted, original translation of God’s Word. A team of more than 100 scholars from 17 denominations pursued two ideals with every translation decision: each word must reflect clear, contemporary English and each word must be faithful to the original languages of the Bible.
- 5Therefore the wicked will not stand up in the judgment, a. Nor sinners in the assembly of the righteous. 6For the Lord watches over the way of the righteous, a. But the way of the wicked leads to ruin. 1:3 Or beside irrigation channels. 1:1 Ps 26:4–5; Pr 4:14–15. 1:2 Jos 1:8; Ps 40:8; 119:14–16.
- The Holman Christian Standard Bible (HCSB) is a modern English Bible translation from Holman Bible Publishers.The New Testament was published in 1999, followed by the full Bible in March 2004.
Holman Bible Publishers assembled an international, interdenominational team of 100 scholars and proofreaders, all of whom were committed to biblical inerrancy.[4] The translation committee sought to strike a balance between the two prevailing philosophies of Bible translation: formal equivalence (literal or word-for-word) and dynamic or functional equivalence (thought-for-thought). The translators called this balance 'optimal equivalence.'
According to the translators, the goal of an optimal-equivalence translation is 'to convey a sense of the original text with as much clarity as possible'. To that end, the ancient source texts were exhaustively scrutinized at multiple levels (word, phrase, clause, sentence, discourse) to determine their original meaning and intent. Afterwards, using the best language tools available, the semantic and linguistic equivalents were translated into as readable a text as possible.
Textual source[edit]
Making use of the most recent scholarly editions, the translators worked from the Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece 27th edition and the United Bible Societies' Greek New Testament 4th corrected edition for the New Testament, and the 5th edition of the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia for the Old Testament.
In the case of significant differences among Hebrew manuscripts of the OT or among Greek manuscripts of the NT, the translators followed what they believed to be the original reading, and then cited the alternative(s) in footnotes. There are a few portions of the NT that the translation team and most biblical scholars today believe were not part of the original text. However, these texts were retained (and indicated in large square brackets) because of their undeniable antiquity and their value for tradition and the history of NT interpretation in the church.
Formats[edit]
The HCSB is available in electronic form for WORDsearch and Bible Explorer software.[5] An HCSB Study Bible became available in October 2010.[6] The HCSB is available online.[7] It is marketed in Christian publications as an apologetics Bible and has a version specifically for the Microsoft Xbox 360 called Bible Navigator X.[8] It is also available in Accordance Bible Digital Library.
Updates[edit]
The 2nd edition HCSB appeared in 2010. The most significant change was the expanded use of the covenant name of God, known as the tetragrammaton, transliterated as 'Yahweh,' rather than translated as 'LORD.' In the first edition Yahweh was found in 78 places; the update increased that to 495 instances.[9] (The tetragrammaton appears in over 6,800 places in the Old Testament[10](p142)) Print editions began rolling out in 2010.
In June 2016 B&H Publishing announced a revision of the translation called the Christian Standard Bible (CSB).[11] The CSB print edition began appearing in March 2017 with the electronic edition already available. The 2017 edition of CSB returned to the traditional practice in English Bible versions, rendering the tetragrammaton with a title rather than a proper name, thus removing all 656 appearances of the personal name of God- Yahweh. Now Adonai (Hebrew for Lord) and the tetragrammaton are both translated by the same English word (with a small typographic distinction). This was a major reversal of the translation committee direction over the previous decade, of highlighting God's personal name in Scripture. As stated in the introduction of the HCSB: 'Yahweh is used more often in the Holman CSB than in most Bible translations because the word LORD in English is a title of God and does not accurately convey to modern readers the emphasis on God's name in the original Hebrew.'
Comparison of Psalm 83:18[edit]
HCSB: May they know that You alone— whose name is Yahweh— are the Most High over all the earth.
CSB: May they know that you alone— whose name is the LORD are the Most High over the whole earth.
References[edit]
- ^Called by the translators 'optimal equivalence', the translation is a mediating translation in the stream of the NIV and similar, but slightly more literal. wordsearchbible.com Holman Christian Standard Bible (HCSB)Archived February 16, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^Vance, Laurence M. (2000). 'The Holman Christian Standard Bible (HCSB)'. Dial-the-Truth Ministries. Retrieved 2019-09-28.
- ^Dewey, David, 2004. A User's Guide to Bible Translations (Downers Grove, IL: Intervarsity Press, 2004). ISBN0-8308-3273-4.
- ^'The Bible is God's revelation to man ... it is God's inspired Word, inerrant in the original manuscripts.' From 'Introduction' to the HCSB. Text of the 'Introduction' also at BibleGateway.com.
- ^Edwards, ElShaddai. He is Sufficient.'HCSB: 2nd Edition text available.' Copyright 2007-2009 ElShaddai Edwards, retrieved July 25, 2009.
- ^This Lamp Blog. Retrieved December 31, 2009.
- ^http://biblia.com/books/hcsb/, https://www.mywsb.com/reader. Retrieved March 8, 2016.
- ^'Bible Navigator X'. bhpublishinggroup.com.
- ^Gillis, John W., MaybeToday.org.'The HCSB 2nd Edition and the Tetragrammaton.' MaybeToday.org, Retrieved July 25, 2009.
- ^Knight, Douglas A.; Levine, Amy-Jill (2011). The Meaning of the Bible: What the Jewish Scriptures and Christian Old Testament Can Teach Us (1st ed.). New York: HarperOne. ISBN0062098594.
- ^B&H to Launch Christian Standard Bible (CSB) Version in 2017. B&H Publishing Group
Further reading[edit]
- Perry, John. (May 7, 1999) 'Broadman & Holman Publishers announces new Bible translation'. Retrieved March 14, 2005.
- Walker, Ken. (July 20, 2001) 'Holman Christian Standard Bible New Testament now available'. Retrieved March 14, 2005.
- Dewey, David, 2004. A User's Guide to Bible Translations (Downers Grove, IL: Intervarsity Press, 2004). ISBN0-8308-3273-4.
External links[edit]
- HCSB Official website (HCSB is being redirected to CSB)
| Christian Standard Bible | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | CSB |
| Complete Bible published | 2017 |
| Derived from | Holman Christian Standard Bible |
| Textual basis | NT:Novum Testamentum Graece 28th edition. OT:Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia 5th Edition with some Septuagint influence. |
| Translation type | Optimal Equivalence[1] |
| Reading level | 7.0[2] |
| Revision | 2020 |
| Publisher | B&H Publishing Group |
| Copyright | Copyright 2016/ |
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness covered the surface of the watery depths, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters. Then God said, 'Let there be light,' and there was light. For God loved the world in this way: He gave his one and only son, so that everyone who believes in him will not perish but have eternal life. | |
The Christian Standard Bible (CSB) is a modern English Bible translation of the Christian Bible. Work on the translation was completed in June 2016, with the first full edition released in March 2017.[3]
History[edit]
The Christian Standard Bible (CSB) is a major revision of the 2009 edition of the Holman Christian Standard Bible (HCSB). The CSB incorporates advances in biblical scholarship to improve upon translation decisions, word choice, and style. It also removes some of the novel features of the HCSB, such as consistently translating the tetragrammaton as 'Lord' rather than 'Yahweh' and using 'brothers and sisters' for the plural term 'brothers' in Greek.[4]
The HCSB was translated by an international team of 100 scholars from 17 denominations. The HCSB New Testament was released in 1999, and the entire translation was released in 2004.
Work on the CSB revision was undertaken by the Translation and Review Team, a trans-denominational group of 21 conservative Evangelical Christian biblical scholars. Backgrounds represented include Southern Baptist, Lutheran, Presbyterian, conservative Anglican, and non-denominational Evangelical churches.[5]
Ongoing translation decisions are governed by the ten member CSB Translation Oversight Committee,[6] co-chaired by Dr. Thomas R. Schreiner and Dr. David L. Allen.[7]
Translation philosophy[edit]
The CSB (and original HCSB) translators used a methodology they termed 'Optimal Equivalence.' Optimal Equivalence draws from both formal and dynamic translation philosophies, balancing contemporary English readability with linguistic precision to the original languages.
Based upon criteria from a quantitative linguistic comparison of eight popular English Bible translations, the CSB was found to hold the most optimal balance of Readable vs. Literal scores.[8]
Textual basis[edit]
The CSB Translation and Review Team used the latest available Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic texts. The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia 5th Edition (BHS5) was used for the Old Testament and the Novum Testamentum Graece 28th Edition (NA28; i.e., the Nestle-Aland 28th edition) and United Bible Societies 5th Edition (UBS5) was used for the New Testament (the HCSB used BHS4 and NA27/UBS4).
Christian Standard Bible Criticism
References[edit]
- ^Optimal Equivalence draws from both word-for-word and dynamic translation philosophies, balancing contemporary English readability with linguistic precision to the original languages. Translation Philosophy of the CSB
- ^'FAQ: What is the reading level of the Christian Standard Bible?'. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
- ^'B&H to Launch Christian Standard Bible (CSB) Version in 2017'. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
- ^Strauss, M.L. A Review of the Christian Standard Bible. Theomelios 44:2. Retrieved 12/16/2019: https://themelios.thegospelcoalition.org/article/a-review-of-the-christian-standard-bible/
- ^'Holman Christian Standard Bible: Original Translation Team and Translation and Review Team'(PDF). A PDF document containing the full list of original translators of the HCSB, and translators of the CSB.
- ^'CSB Translation Oversight Committee'. Retrieved January 18, 2017.
- ^'About - Dr. David L. Allen'. Retrieved January 18, 2017.
- ^'A Quantitative Evaluation of the Christian Standard Bible'(PDF). A report by Dr. Andi Wu of Global Bible Initiative. Translations evaluated were the ESV, KJV, NASB, NET, NIV, NKJV, NLT, NRSV, and CSB. Criteria included Transfer Rate of Syntactic Relations, Consistency Rate of Word Choices, Syntactic Fluency Rate, and Common Vocabulary Rate. Though other translations reflected better scores in the individual categories, the CSB achieved the highest score (70.3%) when all four criteria were combined.